Short‐term effectiveness of a theory‐based intervention to promote diabetes management behaviours among adults with type 2 diabetes in Iran: A randomised control trial

Background Diet and physical activity are recommended for diabetes management. Evidence suggests theory-based interventions more efficacious than non-theory approaches. This study aimed to test the short-term effectiveness of an integrated theoretical model-based intervention encourage compliance low-fat food consumption, carbohydrate counting in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods A 4-week parallel randomised control trial was conducted Iran. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire at baseline 8-weeks post-intervention. survey assessed theory planned behaviour (TPB) constructs attitude, subjective norm (others’ approval) perceived behavioural (PBC). We also risk perceptions (motivational) planning (volitional) from health action process approach (HAPA). Furthermore, weight, body mass index, triglyceride (TG) LDL-cholesterol measured, sub-sample participants providing haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) assessments. Results For both consumption activity, only revealed significant improvement over time rather (F = 8.78, P ≤ .001 vs F 11.26, activity). counting, effects found 4.37, .03), intention 8.14, .001), PBC 7.52, .001) 4.54, reflecting improvements compared controls. on partially mediated via participants’ degree (B 0.10, SE 0.06, CI 0.01 0.26). The serum TG level significantly reduced pre post-intervention 18.69, as did Hb1Ac participants. Conclusions showed promising but not show diet nor activity. Given psychological measures self-reported coupled findings TG, future research is needed demonstrate longer-term improvements.